Section: 13. ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - SOME BASIC PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUES, HYDROCARBONS | Chemistry - KhanAcademy

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  Tetravalency of Carbon: Shapes of Organic Compounds
  
  Select activity Carbon as a building block of life
  
  
  
  Carbon as a building block of life Lesson
  
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  Silicon-based life Lesson
  
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  Select activity Dot structures I: Single bonds
  
  
  
  Dot structures I: Single bonds Lesson
  
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  Dot structures II: Multiple bonds Lesson
  
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  Select activity sp3 hybridized orbitals and sigma bonds
  
  
  
  sp3 hybridized orbitals and sigma bonds Lesson
  
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  Select activity Pi bonds and sp2 hybridized orbitals
  
  
  
  Pi bonds and sp2 hybridized orbitals Lesson
  
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  sp³ hybridization Lesson
  
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  Steric number Lesson
  
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  sp hybridization Lesson
  
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  Classification of Organic Compounds
  
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  Functional groups Lesson
  
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  Homologous series Lesson
  
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  Structural Representations of Organic Compounds
  
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  Condensed structures Lesson
  
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  Bond-line structures Lesson
  
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  Three-dimensional bond-line structures Lesson
  
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  Tetrahedral bond angle proof Lesson
  
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  Nomenclature of Organic Compounds
  
  Select activity Nomenclature of carbon compounds (Including functional groups)
  
  
  
  Nomenclature of carbon compounds (Including functional groups) Lesson
  
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  Select activity Common and systematic naming: iso-, sec-, and tert- prefixes
  
  
  
  Common and systematic naming: iso-, sec-, and tert- prefixes Lesson
  
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  Select activity Functional groups
  
  
  
  Functional groups Lesson
  
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  Select activity More functional groups
  
  
  
  More functional groups Lesson
  
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  Select activity Identifying functional groups
  
  
  
  Identifying functional groups Lesson
  
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  Select activity Organic chemistry naming examples 2
  
  
  
  Organic chemistry naming examples 2 Lesson
  
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  Organic chemistry naming examples 3 Lesson
  
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  Naming a cycloalkane Lesson
  
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  Select activity Naming two isobutyl groups systematically
  
  
  
  Naming two isobutyl groups systematically Lesson
  
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  Organic chemistry naming examples 4 Lesson
  
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  Select activity Alkane and cycloalkane nomenclature I
  
  
  
  Alkane and cycloalkane nomenclature I Lesson
  
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  Alkane and cycloalkane nomenclature II Lesson
  
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  Select activity Alkane and cycloalkane nomenclature III
  
  
  
  Alkane and cycloalkane nomenclature III Lesson
  
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  Isomerism
  
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  Isomers Lesson
  
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  Structural (constitutional) isomers Lesson
  
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  Fundamental Concepts in Organic Reaction Mechanisms
  
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  Nucleophilicity (Nucleophile Strength) Lesson
  
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  Nucleophilicity vs. Basicity Lesson
  
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  Select activity Elimination vs substitution: reagent
  
  
  
  Elimination vs substitution: reagent Lesson
  
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  Select activity Identifying nucleophilic and electrophilic centers
  
  
  
  Identifying nucleophilic and electrophilic centers Lesson
  
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  Select activity Curly arrow conventions in organic chemistry
  
  
  
  Curly arrow conventions in organic chemistry Lesson
  
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  Select activity Resonance structure
  
  
  
  Resonance structure Lesson
  
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  Select activity Resonance structure patterns
  
  
  
  Resonance structure patterns Lesson
  
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  Select activity Common mistakes when drawing resonance structures
  
  
  
  Common mistakes when drawing resonance structures Lesson
  
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  Select activity Resonance structures and hybridization
  
  
  
  Resonance structures and hybridization Lesson
  
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  Select activity Carbocation stability and rearrangements
  
  
  
  Carbocation stability and rearrangements Lesson
  
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  Carbocation rearrangement practice Lesson
  
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  Methods of Purification of Organic Compounds
  
  Select activity Simple and fractional distillations
  
  
  
  Simple and fractional distillations Lesson
  
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  Select activity Basics of chromatography
  
  
  
  Basics of chromatography Lesson
  
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  Column chromatography Lesson
  
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  Select activity Thin layer chromatography (TLC)
  
  
  
  Thin layer chromatography (TLC) Lesson
  
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  Select activity Calculating retention factors for TLC
  
  
  
  Calculating retention factors for TLC Lesson
  
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  Select activity Gas chromatography
  
  
  
  Gas chromatography Lesson
  
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  Qualitative Elemental Analysis of Organic Compounds
  
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  Why do we care about Acidic strength? Lesson
  
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  Why is methanol more acidic than ethanol? Lesson
  
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  Select activity Using electronic effects to compare acidic strength - Aromaticity
  
  
  
  Using electronic effects to compare acidic strength - Aromaticity Lesson
  
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  Select activity How does ortho-effect work in benzoic acids?
  
  
  
  How does ortho-effect work in benzoic acids? Lesson
  
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  Nitration of Aniline Lesson
  
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  Classification of Hydrocarbons
  
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  Alkanes, Alkenes, and Alkynes- General molecular formula Lesson
  
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  Select activity Nomenclature of hydrocarbons: Alkanes, Alkenes, & Alkynes
  
  
  
  Nomenclature of hydrocarbons: Alkanes, Alkenes, & Alkynes Lesson
  
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  Naming alkanes with alkyl groups Lesson
  
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  Alkanes
  
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  Naming simple alkanes Lesson
  
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  Select activity Correction - 2-propylheptane should never be the name!
  
  
  
  Correction - 2-propylheptane should never be the name! Lesson
  
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  Select activity Naming alkanes with ethyl groups
  
  
  
  Naming alkanes with ethyl groups Lesson
  
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  Select activity Alkane with isopropyl group
  
  
  
  Alkane with isopropyl group Lesson
  
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  Select activity Representing structures of organic molecules
  
  
  
  Representing structures of organic molecules Lesson
  
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  Select activity Free radical reactions
  
  
  
  Free radical reactions Lesson
  
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  Select activity Newman projections
  
  
  
  Newman projections Lesson
  
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  Select activity Conformations of ethane
  
  
  
  Conformations of ethane Lesson
  
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  Select activity Conformational analysis of ethane
  
  
  
  Conformational analysis of ethane Lesson
  
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  Alkenes
  
  Select activity Structure and classification of alkenes
  
  
  
  Structure and classification of alkenes Lesson
  
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  Select activity Alkene nomenclature
  
  
  
  Alkene nomenclature Lesson
  
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  Select activity Naming alkenes examples
  
  
  
  Naming alkenes examples Lesson
  
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  Select activity cis-trans and E-Z naming scheme for alkenes
  
  
  
  cis-trans and E-Z naming scheme for alkenes Lesson
  
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  Select activity Cis–trans isomerism
  
  
  
  Cis–trans isomerism Lesson
  
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  Select activity E–Z system
  
  
  
  E–Z system Lesson
  
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  Select activity Alkene stability
  
  
  
  Alkene stability Lesson
  
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  Select activity Introduction to reaction mechanisms
  
  
  
  Introduction to reaction mechanisms Lesson
  
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  Select activity Markovnikov's rule and carbocations
  
  
  
  Markovnikov's rule and carbocations Lesson
  
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  Hydroboration-oxidation Lesson
  
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  Hydroboration-oxidation: Mechanism Lesson
  
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  Select activity Addition of water (acid-catalyzed) mechanism
  
  
  
  Addition of water (acid-catalyzed) mechanism Lesson
  
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  Polymerization of alkenes with acid Lesson
  
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  Ozonolysis Lesson
  
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  Alkynes
  
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  Hydrohalogenation of alkynes- Part 1 Lesson
  
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  Hydrohalogenation of alkynes- Part 2 Lesson
  
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  Select activity Alkyne nomenclature
  
  
  
  Alkyne nomenclature Lesson
  
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  Select activity Preparation of alkynes
  
  
  
  Preparation of alkynes Lesson
  
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  Select activity Alkyne acidity and alkylation
  
  
  
  Alkyne acidity and alkylation Lesson
  
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  Select activity Hydrohalogenation of alkynes
  
  
  
  Hydrohalogenation of alkynes Lesson
  
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  Select activity Hydration of alkynes
  
  
  
  Hydration of alkynes Lesson
  
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  Select activity Hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes
  
  
  
  Hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes Lesson
  
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  Select activity Halogenation and ozonolysis of alkynes
  
  
  
  Halogenation and ozonolysis of alkynes Lesson
  
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  Select activity Synthesis using alkynes
  
  
  
  Synthesis using alkynes Lesson
  
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  Reduction of alkynes Lesson
  
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  Aromatic Hydrocarbons
  
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  Naming benzene derivatives introduction Lesson
  
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  Select activity Naming benzene derivatives
  
  
  
  Naming benzene derivatives Lesson
  
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  Select activity Resonance structures for benzene and the phenoxide anion
  
  
  
  Resonance structures for benzene and the phenoxide anion Lesson
  
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  Aromatic stability I Lesson
  
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  Aromatic stability II Lesson
  
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  Aromatic stability III Lesson
  
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  Aromatic stability IV Lesson
  
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  Aromatic stability V Lesson
  
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  Select activity Aromatic heterocycles I
  
  
  
  Aromatic heterocycles I Lesson
  
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  Aromatic heterocycles II Lesson
  
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  Select activity Electrophilic aromatic substitution
  
  
  
  Electrophilic aromatic substitution Lesson
  
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  Select activity Bromination of benzene
  
  
  
  Bromination of benzene Lesson
  
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  Select activity Friedel-Crafts acylation
  
  
  
  Friedel-Crafts acylation Lesson
  
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  Friedel crafts acylation addendum Lesson
  
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  Select activity Electrophilic aromatic substitution mechanism
  
  
  
  Electrophilic aromatic substitution mechanism Lesson
  
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  Select activity Halogenation
  
  
  
  Halogenation Lesson
  
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  Select activity Nitration
  
  
  
  Nitration Lesson
  
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  Select activity Sulfonation
  
  
  
  Sulfonation Lesson
  
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  Select activity Friedel-Crafts alkylation
  
  
  
  Friedel-Crafts alkylation Lesson
  
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  Friedel-Crafts acylation Lesson
  
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  Select activity Ortho-para directors I
  
  
  
  Ortho-para directors I Lesson
  
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  Ortho-para directors II Lesson
  
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  Ortho-para directors III Lesson
  
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  Meta directors I Lesson
  
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  Meta directors II Lesson
  
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  Select activity Multiple substituents
  
  
  
  Multiple substituents Lesson
  
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13. ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - SOME BASIC PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUES, HYDROCARBONS

Section outline

Tetravalency of Carbon: Shapes of Organic Compounds

Classification of Organic Compounds

Structural Representations of Organic Compounds

Nomenclature of Organic Compounds

Isomerism

Fundamental Concepts in Organic Reaction Mechanisms

Methods of Purification of Organic Compounds

Qualitative Elemental Analysis of Organic Compounds

Classification of Hydrocarbons

Alkanes

Alkenes

Alkynes

Aromatic Hydrocarbons

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