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Section outline

        • Electric flux meaning (& how to calculate it) Lesson
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        • Area vector with examples & flux vector equation Lesson
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        • Electric dipoles & dipole moments Lesson
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        • Electric field due to dipole on the axis Lesson
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        • Electric field due to dipole on the equator Lesson
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        • Intro to torque on a dipole in uniform electric field Lesson
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        • Torque on a dipole in electric field (derivation) Lesson
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        • Example: Torque on dipoles in external electric fields Lesson
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        • Gauss law of electricity Lesson
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        • Gauss law logical proof (any closed surface) Lesson
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        • Calculate charge enclosed in a non uniform electric field Lesson
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        • Intro to electric potential Lesson
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        • Potential diff. & negative potentials Lesson
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        • Electric potential & work Lesson
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        • Electric pot. : Find sign of work done Lesson
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        • Electric pot.: Where is potential (energy) more? Lesson
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        • Worked example: Electric potential and work done Lesson
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        • Electric potential at a point in space Lesson
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        • Electric potential charge configuration Lesson
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        • Potential due to dipole (logical derivation) Lesson
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        • Dipole potential: Numerical Lesson
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        • Electric potential energy of charges Lesson
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        • Potential energy of a system of 3 charges Lesson
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        • Potential energy of a system of charges: Numerical Lesson
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        • Equipotential surfaces (& why they are perpendicular to field) Lesson
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        • Equipotential surfaces of two charges (& dipoles) Lesson
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        • Calculate pot. difference in uniform fields Lesson
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        • Relation between electric field & potential Lesson
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        • Calculating E from V(x,y,z): E = - potential gradient Lesson
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        • Electrostatic shielding & Faraday cage Lesson
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        • Why charges reside on surface of conductors Lesson
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        • Conductor with charge inside a cavity Lesson
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        • Dielectrics in capacitors Lesson
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        • Capacitor with partially filled dielectric Lesson
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        • Capacitors in series Lesson
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        • Capacitors in parallel Lesson
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        • Example: Combinations of Capacitors Lesson
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        • Energy of a capacitor Lesson
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        • Energy stored in capacitor derivation (why it's not QV) Lesson
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        • Energy density in electric fields Lesson
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        • How do touchscreens work? Lesson
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        • How do Condenser Microphones work? Lesson
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        • Why are sparks created? Lesson
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        • The Sun shouldn't be alive, here's why! Lesson
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        • Drift velocity (concept & intuition) Lesson
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        • Drift velocity - formula & derivation Lesson
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        • Current from drift velocity (I = neAvd) Lesson
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        • Ohm's law - derivation (using drift velocity) Lesson
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        • Introduction to circuits and Ohm's law Lesson
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        • Solved example: Ohms law Lesson
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        • Ohm's law graph (verifying Ohm's law) Lesson
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        • Solved example: (Ohm's law graph) Lesson
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        • Resistivity and conductivity Lesson
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        • Solved example - Calculating power & heat dissipated Lesson
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        • Electric power Lesson
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        • Solved example: Power dissipated in bulbs Lesson
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        • Cells, EMF, terminal voltage & internal resistance Lesson
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        • Cells with internal resistances: Worked example Lesson
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        • Kirchhoff's current law | Circuit analysis Lesson
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        • Kirchhoff's law application: 2-loop circuit solving Lesson
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        • Kirchhoff's voltage law (conceptual) Lesson
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        • Wheatstone bridge & its logic Lesson
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        • Meter bridge principle (and working) Lesson
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        • Oersted's experiment (& magnetic field due to current) Lesson
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        • Comparing properties of magnetic (Lorentz) & electric forces Lesson
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        • Magnetic force on a charge Lesson
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        • Force on a current carrying conductor in a magnetic field Lesson
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        • Magnetic force on a current carrying wire Lesson
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        • Magnetic force on a proton example (part 1) Lesson
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        • Example: Force on a current carrying wire Lesson
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        • Path of charged particle in magnetic field Lesson
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        • Radius & time period of charges moving in magnetic field Lesson
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        • Velocity selector | Moving charges & magnetic field Lesson
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        • Comparing radii & time period of particles in magnetic field Lesson
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        • Cyclotron - working principle & construction Lesson
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        • Cyclotron frequency Lesson
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        • Cyclotron energies (& effect of electric & magnetic field) Lesson
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        • Age of fossils using Mass Spectrometer Lesson
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        • Magnetic field on the axis of a circular loop Lesson
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        • Magnetic field due to two current loops: Numerical Lesson
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        • Right hand thumb rule (& solved numerical) Lesson
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        • Ampere's circuital law (with examples) Lesson
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        • Field due to straight wire carrying current (Outside) Lesson
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        • Field due to straight wire carrying current (inside) Lesson
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        • Magnetic dipoles & dipole moment Lesson
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        • Magnetic moment of electron around a proton Lesson
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        • Torque acting on current loops Lesson
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        • Moving coil galvanometer working Lesson
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        • Current sensitivity (with numerical) of a galvanometer Lesson
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        • Conversion of galvanometer into ammeter Lesson
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        • Conversion of galvanometer into voltmeter Lesson
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        • Magnetic declination - Earth's magnetism Lesson
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        • Magnetic dip & horizontal component of Earth's field Lesson
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        • Intro to magnetic fields (Why fields?) Lesson
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        • Magnetic field lines (& their properties) Lesson
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        • Paramagnetism & Diamagnetism Lesson
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        • Ferromagnetism & curie temperature Lesson
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        • Hysteresis & magnetic retention Lesson
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        • Coercivity & retentivity (Permanent & electromagnets) Lesson
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        • Faraday's Law Introduction Lesson
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        • Faraday's Law, ε = − N* Δϕ/Δt Lesson
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        • Faraday's Law examples (qualitative) Lesson
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        • Faraday's Law example Lesson
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        • Emf induced in rod traveling through magnetic field Lesson
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        • Part 1 - Why is an EMF induced in a moving rod? Lesson
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        • Part 2 - Why is an EMF induced in a moving rod? Lesson
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        • Emf induced in a rotating rod (& disc) - Motional EMF Lesson
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        • What are inductors? (self-inductance) Lesson
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        • Self inductance of a long solenoid Lesson
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        • Energy stored in inductor (1/2 Li^2) Lesson
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        • Energy density in Magnetic fields Lesson
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        • Mutual induction & inductance Lesson
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        • Mutual inductance of two coaxial solenoids Lesson
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        • Mutual inductance of two concentric coils Lesson
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        • Example: Factors affecting mutual inductance Lesson
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        • Right hand generator rule Lesson
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        • Electric generator (A.C. & D.C.) Lesson
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        • EMF & flux equation (& graph) of AC generator Lesson
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        • AC voltage applied to resistors Lesson
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        • What is RMS value? (& why should we care?) Lesson
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        • Sine wave RMS value - derivation (without calculus) Lesson
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        • AC voltage across pure inductor (derivation) Lesson
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        • Why current lags voltage in inductors (logic) Lesson
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        • Reactance, resistance, & impedance (what's the difference?) Lesson
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        • AC voltage across a capacitor (derivation) Lesson
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        • Why current leads voltage in a capacitor (logic) Lesson
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        • LCR resonance & resonant frequency Lesson
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        • LCR frequency response & quality Lesson
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        • Worked example: Voltage in a series LCR Circuit Lesson
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        • Worked example: Phase difference between voltage and current in AC Lesson
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        • Worked example: Impedance in series LCR circuit Lesson
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        • Worked examples: Phase angle in a series LCR Circuit Lesson
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        • Worked examples: Resonance frequency in LCR circuits Lesson
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        • Transformers - working & applications (step up and step down) Lesson
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        • Transformer currents & energy losses (intuition) Lesson
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        • Displacement current & Ampere Maxwell's law Lesson
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        • Calculating displacement & conduction current Lesson
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        • Electromagnetic waves Lesson
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        • EM Waves: Production and Propagationmy Lesson
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        • Energy Densitymy Lesson
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        • Momentum of EM wavesmy Lesson
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        • Worked example: Propagation of EM waves Lesson
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        • Deriving speed of light using Maxwell's equationsmy Lesson
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        • Why do we use sign convention twice? Lesson
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        • Cartesian sign conventions mirrors Lesson
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        • Concave mirrors Lesson
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        • Convex mirror & applications Lesson
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        • Spherical & parabolic mirrors Lesson
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        • Spherical mirrors, radius of curvature & focal length Lesson
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        • Convex & concave mirror ray diagrams Lesson
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        • Mirror formula derivation Lesson
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        • Solved example: Mirror formula Lesson
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        • Worked example: Magnification in mirrors Lesson
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        • Refraction and Snell's law Lesson
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        • Snell's law example 1 Lesson
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        • Snell's law example 2 Lesson
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        • Refraction in water Lesson
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        • Refraction through glass slab Lesson
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        • Advanced sunrise & delayed sunset Lesson
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        • Total internal reflection Lesson
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        • Absolute & Relative refractive index Lesson
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        • Relative & absolute R.I. connection Lesson
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        • Applications of Total Internal Reflection Lesson
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        • Worked example: Total internal reflection Lesson
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        • Convex lenses Lesson
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        • Convex lens examples Lesson
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        • Concave lenses Lesson
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        • Virtual Object Lesson
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        • Power of lens Lesson
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        • Thin lenses in contact Lesson
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        • Thin lens formula derivation Lesson
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        • Lens maker formula (short derivation) Lesson
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        • Solved example on lens formula Lesson
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        • Worked example: Image formed by multiple lenses Lesson
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        • Curved surface refraction formula Lesson
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        • Solved example: Curved surface refraction Lesson
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        • Solved example: Lens makers formula Lesson
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        • Minimum deviation in prism Lesson
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        • Deriving prism formula Lesson
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        • Concave mirror applications Lesson
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        • Simple microscope Lesson
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        • Simple microscope - max & min power Lesson
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        • Compound microscope Lesson
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        • Compound microscope Numerical Lesson
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        • How telescopes work Lesson
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        • Magnifying power of telescope Lesson
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        • Telescope numerical Lesson
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        • Huygen's theory of light & wavefronts Lesson
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        • Huygen's principle of secondary waves Lesson
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        • Angle between wavefront & rays of light Lesson
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        • Constructive and Destructive interference Lesson
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        • Worked examples: Overlapping fringes (two wavelengths) Lesson
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        • Worked examples: Coherence and Interference Lesson
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        • Intensity in YDSE (Visual method-phasors) I =4Io cos^2(phi/2) Lesson
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        • Fringe width in Young's double slit experiment Lesson
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        • Worked examples: Fringe width in double slit interference Lesson
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        • Worked examples: Intensity variation in double-slit Lesson
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        • Single slit interference Lesson
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        • More on single slit interference Lesson
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        • Maxima in Single slit diffraction Lesson
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        • How do telescopes see many stars where our eyes see only one? Lesson
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        • Why do soap bubbles appear colourful? Lesson
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        • Worked example: Size and Intensity of central maximum Lesson
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        • Example: Diffraction slit width Lesson
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        • Polarization of light, linear and circular Lesson
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        • Experimental setup & saturation current: photoelectric effect Lesson
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        • Stopping potential & maximum kinetic energy Lesson
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        • All photoelectric effect graphs: Effect of intensity/frequency Lesson
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        • Stopping potential vs frequency graph Lesson
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        • Comparing stopping potential, and max. speed: Solved example Lesson
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        • Einsteins photoelectric equation & work function Lesson
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        • Which metals will show photoelectric emission Lesson
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        • Calculate threshold frequency Lesson
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        • Photon Energy Lesson
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        • Photoelectric effect explanation using quantum theory Lesson
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        • Calculate the no. of photons per second Lesson
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        • Particle Nature of Light: The Photon Lesson
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        • De Broglie wavelength Lesson
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        • Comparing de Broglie wavelengths: Solved example Lesson
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        • Types of decay Lesson
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        • When does each type of decay occur? Lesson
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        • Worked example: Half-life Lesson
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        • Worked example: Fraction of undecayed nuclei Lesson
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        • Nuclear fission Lesson
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        • Nuclear fusion Lesson
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        • Generation and recombination in semiconductors Lesson
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        • Extrinsic semiconductors N-type Lesson
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        • Extrinsic semiconductors P-type Lesson
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        • Minority charge carriers in extrinsic semiconductors Lesson
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        • The PN junction Lesson
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        • Diffusion, drift & barrier voltage Lesson
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        • Forward biasing a PN junction Lesson
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        • Reverse biasing a PN junction Lesson
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        • Forward and reverse current mechanism Lesson
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        • PN diode characteristics Lesson
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        • PN breakdown and avalanche Lesson
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