Physics - KhanAcademy

Electric field due to dipole on the equator Lesson

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Worked examples: Overlapping fringes (two wavelengths) Lesson

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Thermodynamics part 4: moles and the ideal gas law Lesson

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The Doppler Effect Lesson

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Half & Fully Filled Subshells Lesson

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Line Parallel to the same Lines | Part 1/3 Lesson

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पूर्णांकों का विभाजन Part 3/3 Lesson

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Concept Test 2 Lesson

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Addition and subtraction of algebraic expressions | Part1/3 Lesson

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Section outline

Select section General

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General

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Select section 1. Electric Charges and Fields

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1. Electric Charges and Fields
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  Basic properties of electric charge
  
  Select activity Conservation of Charge
  
  Conservation of Charge Lesson
  
  Students must
  
  Mark as done
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  Conductors and insulators
  
  Select activity Conductors and Insulators
  
  Conductors and Insulators Lesson
  
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  Coulomb’s law
  
  Select activity Coulomb's Law
  
  Coulomb's Law Lesson
  
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  Electric field
  
  Select activity Electric field definition
  
  Electric field definition Lesson
  
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  Electric field lines
  
  Select activity Electric field direction
  
  Electric field direction Lesson
  
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  Electric flux
  
  Select activity Electric flux meaning (& how to calculate it)
  
  Electric flux meaning (& how to calculate it) Lesson
  
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  Select activity Area vector with examples & flux vector equation
  
  Area vector with examples & flux vector equation Lesson
  
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  Electric dipole
  
  Select activity Electric dipoles & dipole moments
  
  
  
  Electric dipoles & dipole moments Lesson
  
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  Select activity Electric field due to dipole on the axis
  
  
  
  Electric field due to dipole on the axis Lesson
  
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  Select activity Electric field due to dipole on the equator
  
  
  
  Electric field due to dipole on the equator Lesson
  
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  Dipole in a uniform external field
  
  Select activity Intro to torque on a dipole in uniform electric field
  
  
  
  Intro to torque on a dipole in uniform electric field Lesson
  
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  Select activity Torque on a dipole in electric field (derivation)
  
  
  
  Torque on a dipole in electric field (derivation) Lesson
  
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  Select activity Example: Torque on dipoles in external electric fields
  
  
  
  Example: Torque on dipoles in external electric fields Lesson
  
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  Continuous charge distribution
  
  Select activity Charge density & continuous charge distribution
  
  Charge density & continuous charge distribution Lesson
  
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  Gauss’s law
  
  Select activity Gauss law of electricity
  
  
  
  Gauss law of electricity Lesson
  
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  Select activity Gauss law logical proof (any closed surface)
  
  
  
  Gauss law logical proof (any closed surface) Lesson
  
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  Select activity Calculate charge enclosed in a non uniform electric field
  
  
  
  Calculate charge enclosed in a non uniform electric field Lesson
  
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  Applications of Gauss’s law
  
  Select activity Field due to infinite plane of charge (Gauss law application)
  
  Field due to infinite plane of charge (Gauss law application) Lesson
  
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Select section 2. Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

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2. Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance
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  Electrostatic potential
  
  Select activity Intro to electric potential
  
  
  
  Intro to electric potential Lesson
  
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  Select activity Potential diff. & negative potentials
  
  
  
  Potential diff. & negative potentials Lesson
  
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  Select activity Electric potential & work
  
  
  
  Electric potential & work Lesson
  
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  Select activity Electric pot. : Find sign of work done
  
  
  
  Electric pot. : Find sign of work done Lesson
  
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  Select activity Electric pot.: Where is potential (energy) more?
  
  
  
  Electric pot.: Where is potential (energy) more? Lesson
  
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  Select activity Worked example: Electric potential and work done
  
  
  
  Worked example: Electric potential and work done Lesson
  
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  Potential due to a point charge
  
  Select activity Electric potential at a point in space
  
  Electric potential at a point in space Lesson
  
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  Select activity Electric potential charge configuration
  
  Electric potential charge configuration Lesson
  
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  Potential due to an electric dipole
  
  Select activity Potential due to dipole (logical derivation)
  
  Potential due to dipole (logical derivation) Lesson
  
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  Select activity Dipole potential: Numerical
  
  Dipole potential: Numerical Lesson
  
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  Potential due to a system of charges
  
  Select activity Electric potential energy of charges
  
  
  
  Electric potential energy of charges Lesson
  
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  Select activity Potential energy of a system of 3 charges
  
  
  
  Potential energy of a system of 3 charges Lesson
  
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  Select activity Potential energy of a system of charges: Numerical
  
  
  
  Potential energy of a system of charges: Numerical Lesson
  
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  Equipotential surfaces
  
  Select activity Equipotential surfaces (& why they are perpendicular to field)
  
  
  
  Equipotential surfaces (& why they are perpendicular to field) Lesson
  
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  Select activity Equipotential surfaces of two charges (& dipoles)
  
  
  
  Equipotential surfaces of two charges (& dipoles) Lesson
  
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  Select activity Calculate pot. difference in uniform fields
  
  
  
  Calculate pot. difference in uniform fields Lesson
  
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  Select activity Relation between electric field & potential
  
  
  
  Relation between electric field & potential Lesson
  
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  Select activity Calculating E from V(x,y,z): E = - potential gradient
  
  
  
  Calculating E from V(x,y,z): E = - potential gradient Lesson
  
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  Electrostatics of conductors
  
  Select activity Electrostatic shielding & Faraday cage
  
  
  
  Electrostatic shielding & Faraday cage Lesson
  
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  Select activity Why charges reside on surface of conductors
  
  
  
  Why charges reside on surface of conductors Lesson
  
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  Select activity Conductor with charge inside a cavity
  
  
  
  Conductor with charge inside a cavity Lesson
  
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  Capacitors and capacitance
  
  Select activity Capacitors and capacitance
  
  Capacitors and capacitance Lesson
  
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  Select activity Capacitance
  
  Capacitance Lesson
  
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  Effect of dielectric on capacitance
  
  Select activity Dielectrics in capacitors
  
  Dielectrics in capacitors Lesson
  
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  Select activity Capacitor with partially filled dielectric
  
  Capacitor with partially filled dielectric Lesson
  
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  Combination of capacitors
  
  Select activity Capacitors in series
  
  
  
  Capacitors in series Lesson
  
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  Select activity Capacitors in parallel
  
  
  
  Capacitors in parallel Lesson
  
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  Select activity Example: Combinations of Capacitors
  
  
  
  Example: Combinations of Capacitors Lesson
  
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  Energy stored in a capacitor
  
  Select activity Energy of a capacitor
  
  
  
  Energy of a capacitor Lesson
  
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  Select activity Energy stored in capacitor derivation (why it's not QV)
  
  
  
  Energy stored in capacitor derivation (why it's not QV) Lesson
  
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  Select activity Energy density in electric fields
  
  
  
  Energy density in electric fields Lesson
  
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  Select activity How do touchscreens work?
  
  
  
  How do touchscreens work? Lesson
  
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  Select activity How do Condenser Microphones work?
  
  
  
  How do Condenser Microphones work? Lesson
  
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  Select activity Why are sparks created?
  
  
  
  Why are sparks created? Lesson
  
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  Select activity The Sun shouldn't be alive, here's why!
  
  
  
  The Sun shouldn't be alive, here's why! Lesson
  
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Select section 3. Current Electricity

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3. Current Electricity
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  Drift of electrons and the origin of resistivity
  
  Select activity Drift velocity (concept & intuition)
  
  
  
  Drift velocity (concept & intuition) Lesson
  
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  Select activity Drift velocity - formula & derivation
  
  
  
  Drift velocity - formula & derivation Lesson
  
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  Select activity Current from drift velocity (I = neAvd)
  
  
  
  Current from drift velocity (I = neAvd) Lesson
  
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  Select activity Ohm's law - derivation (using drift velocity)
  
  
  
  Ohm's law - derivation (using drift velocity) Lesson
  
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  Ohm’s law
  
  Select activity Introduction to circuits and Ohm's law
  
  
  
  Introduction to circuits and Ohm's law Lesson
  
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  Select activity Solved example: Ohms law
  
  
  
  Solved example: Ohms law Lesson
  
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  Select activity Ohm's law graph (verifying Ohm's law)
  
  
  
  Ohm's law graph (verifying Ohm's law) Lesson
  
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  Select activity Solved example: (Ohm's law graph)
  
  
  
  Solved example: (Ohm's law graph) Lesson
  
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  Resistivity of various materials
  
  Select activity Resistivity and conductivity
  
  Resistivity and conductivity Lesson
  
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  Select activity Solved example - Calculating power & heat dissipated
  
  Solved example - Calculating power & heat dissipated Lesson
  
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  Electrical energy, power
  
  Select activity Electric power
  
  Electric power Lesson
  
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  Select activity Solved example: Power dissipated in bulbs
  
  Solved example: Power dissipated in bulbs Lesson
  
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  Cells, emf, internal resistance
  
  Select activity Cells, EMF, terminal voltage & internal resistance
  
  Cells, EMF, terminal voltage & internal resistance Lesson
  
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  Select activity Cells with internal resistances: Worked example
  
  Cells with internal resistances: Worked example Lesson
  
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  Cells in series and in parallel
  
  Select activity Cells in series
  
  Cells in series Lesson
  
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  Select activity Cells connected in parallel
  
  Cells connected in parallel Lesson
  
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  Kirchhoff’s Law
  
  Select activity Kirchhoff's current law | Circuit analysis
  
  
  
  Kirchhoff's current law | Circuit analysis Lesson
  
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  Select activity Kirchhoff's law application: 2-loop circuit solving
  
  
  
  Kirchhoff's law application: 2-loop circuit solving Lesson
  
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  Select activity Kirchhoff's voltage law (conceptual)
  
  
  
  Kirchhoff's voltage law (conceptual) Lesson
  
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  Wheatstone bridge
  
  Select activity Wheatstone bridge & its logic
  
  Wheatstone bridge & its logic Lesson
  
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  Select activity Meter bridge principle (and working)
  
  Meter bridge principle (and working) Lesson
  
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Select section 4. Moving Charges and Magnetism

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4. Moving Charges and Magnetism
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  Magnetic force
  
  Select activity Oersted's experiment (& magnetic field due to current)
  
  
  
  Oersted's experiment (& magnetic field due to current) Lesson
  
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  Select activity Comparing properties of magnetic (Lorentz) & electric forces
  
  
  
  Comparing properties of magnetic (Lorentz) & electric forces Lesson
  
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  Select activity Magnetic force on a charge
  
  
  
  Magnetic force on a charge Lesson
  
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  Select activity Force on a current carrying conductor in a magnetic field
  
  
  
  Force on a current carrying conductor in a magnetic field Lesson
  
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  Select activity Magnetic force on a current carrying wire
  
  
  
  Magnetic force on a current carrying wire Lesson
  
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  Select activity Magnetic force on a proton example (part 1)
  
  
  
  Magnetic force on a proton example (part 1) Lesson
  
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  Select activity Example: Force on a current carrying wire
  
  
  
  Example: Force on a current carrying wire Lesson
  
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  Motion in a magnetic field
  
  Select activity Path of charged particle in magnetic field
  
  
  
  Path of charged particle in magnetic field Lesson
  
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  Select activity Radius & time period of charges moving in magnetic field
  
  
  
  Radius & time period of charges moving in magnetic field Lesson
  
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  Select activity Velocity selector | Moving charges & magnetic field
  
  
  
  Velocity selector | Moving charges & magnetic field Lesson
  
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  Select activity Comparing radii & time period of particles in magnetic field
  
  
  
  Comparing radii & time period of particles in magnetic field Lesson
  
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  Select activity Cyclotron - working principle & construction
  
  
  
  Cyclotron - working principle & construction Lesson
  
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  Select activity Cyclotron frequency
  
  
  
  Cyclotron frequency Lesson
  
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  Select activity Cyclotron energies (& effect of electric & magnetic field)
  
  
  
  Cyclotron energies (& effect of electric & magnetic field) Lesson
  
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  Select activity Age of fossils using Mass Spectrometer
  
  
  
  Age of fossils using Mass Spectrometer Lesson
  
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  Magnetic field due to a current element, biot-savart law
  
  Select activity Biot Savart law (vector form)
  
  Biot Savart law (vector form) Lesson
  
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  Magnetic field on the axis of a circular current loop
  
  Select activity Magnetic field on the axis of a circular loop
  
  
  
  Magnetic field on the axis of a circular loop Lesson
  
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  Select activity Magnetic field due to two current loops: Numerical
  
  
  
  Magnetic field due to two current loops: Numerical Lesson
  
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  Select activity Right hand thumb rule (& solved numerical)
  
  
  
  Right hand thumb rule (& solved numerical) Lesson
  
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  Ampere’s circuital law
  
  Select activity Ampere's circuital law (with examples)
  
  
  
  Ampere's circuital law (with examples) Lesson
  
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  Select activity Field due to straight wire carrying current (Outside)
  
  
  
  Field due to straight wire carrying current (Outside) Lesson
  
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  Select activity Field due to straight wire carrying current (inside)
  
  
  
  Field due to straight wire carrying current (inside) Lesson
  
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  Force between two parallel currents, the ampere
  
  Select activity Force between two parallel current wires
  
  Force between two parallel current wires Lesson
  
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  Select activity Ampere definition
  
  Ampere definition Lesson
  
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  The solenoid
  
  Select activity Magnetic fields through solenoids
  
  Magnetic fields through solenoids Lesson
  
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  Torque on current loop, magnetic dipole
  
  Select activity Magnetic dipoles & dipole moment
  
  
  
  Magnetic dipoles & dipole moment Lesson
  
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  Select activity Magnetic moment of electron around a proton
  
  
  
  Magnetic moment of electron around a proton Lesson
  
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  Select activity Torque acting on current loops
  
  
  
  Torque acting on current loops Lesson
  
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  The moving coil galvanometer
  
  Select activity Moving coil galvanometer working
  
  
  
  Moving coil galvanometer working Lesson
  
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  Select activity Current sensitivity (with numerical) of a galvanometer
  
  
  
  Current sensitivity (with numerical) of a galvanometer Lesson
  
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  Select activity Conversion of galvanometer into ammeter
  
  
  
  Conversion of galvanometer into ammeter Lesson
  
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  Select activity Conversion of galvanometer into voltmeter
  
  
  
  Conversion of galvanometer into voltmeter Lesson
  
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Select section 5. Magnetism and Matter

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5. Magnetism and Matter
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  Introduction
  
  Select activity Magnetic declination - Earth's magnetism
  
  Magnetic declination - Earth's magnetism Lesson
  
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  Select activity Magnetic dip & horizontal component of Earth's field
  
  Magnetic dip & horizontal component of Earth's field Lesson
  
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  The bar magnet
  
  Select activity Intro to magnetic fields (Why fields?)
  
  Intro to magnetic fields (Why fields?) Lesson
  
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  Select activity Magnetic field lines (& their properties)
  
  Magnetic field lines (& their properties) Lesson
  
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  Magnetism and gauss’s law
  
  Select activity Gauss's law for Magnetism
  
  Gauss's law for Magnetism Lesson
  
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  Magnetisation and magnetic intensity
  
  Select activity Magnetic susceptibility & permeability
  
  Magnetic susceptibility & permeability Lesson
  
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  Magnetic properties of materials
  
  Select activity Paramagnetism & Diamagnetism
  
  
  
  Paramagnetism & Diamagnetism Lesson
  
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  Select activity Ferromagnetism & curie temperature
  
  
  
  Ferromagnetism & curie temperature Lesson
  
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  Select activity Hysteresis & magnetic retention
  
  
  
  Hysteresis & magnetic retention Lesson
  
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  Select activity Coercivity & retentivity (Permanent & electromagnets)
  
  
  
  Coercivity & retentivity (Permanent & electromagnets) Lesson
  
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Select section 6. Electromagnetic Induction

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6. Electromagnetic Induction
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  The experiments of faraday and henry
  
  Select activity Electromagnetic induction (& Faraday's experiments)
  
  Electromagnetic induction (& Faraday's experiments) Lesson
  
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  Faraday’s law of induction
  
  Select activity Faraday's Law Introduction
  
  
  
  Faraday's Law Introduction Lesson
  
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  Select activity Faraday's Law, ε = − N* Δϕ/Δt
  
  
  
  Faraday's Law, ε = − N* Δϕ/Δt Lesson
  
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  Select activity Faraday's Law examples (qualitative)
  
  
  
  Faraday's Law examples (qualitative) Lesson
  
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  Select activity Faraday's Law example
  
  
  
  Faraday's Law example Lesson
  
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  Magnetic flux
  
  Select activity Flux and magnetic flux
  
  Flux and magnetic flux Lesson
  
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  Lenz’s law and conservation of energy
  
  Select activity Lenz's Law
  
  Lenz's Law Lesson
  
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  Select activity Lenz's Law examples
  
  Lenz's Law examples Lesson
  
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  Motional electromotive force
  
  Select activity Emf induced in rod traveling through magnetic field
  
  
  
  Emf induced in rod traveling through magnetic field Lesson
  
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  Select activity Part 1 - Why is an EMF induced in a moving rod?
  
  
  
  Part 1 - Why is an EMF induced in a moving rod? Lesson
  
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  Select activity Part 2 - Why is an EMF induced in a moving rod?
  
  
  
  Part 2 - Why is an EMF induced in a moving rod? Lesson
  
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  Select activity Emf induced in a rotating rod (& disc) - Motional EMF
  
  
  
  Emf induced in a rotating rod (& disc) - Motional EMF Lesson
  
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  Inductance
  
  Select activity What are inductors? (self-inductance)
  
  
  
  What are inductors? (self-inductance) Lesson
  
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  Select activity Self inductance of a long solenoid
  
  
  
  Self inductance of a long solenoid Lesson
  
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  Select activity Energy stored in inductor (1/2 Li^2)
  
  
  
  Energy stored in inductor (1/2 Li^2) Lesson
  
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  Select activity Energy density in Magnetic fields
  
  
  
  Energy density in Magnetic fields Lesson
  
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  Select activity Mutual induction & inductance
  
  
  
  Mutual induction & inductance Lesson
  
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  Select activity Mutual inductance of two coaxial solenoids
  
  
  
  Mutual inductance of two coaxial solenoids Lesson
  
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  Select activity Mutual inductance of two concentric coils
  
  
  
  Mutual inductance of two concentric coils Lesson
  
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  Select activity Example: Factors affecting mutual inductance
  
  
  
  Example: Factors affecting mutual inductance Lesson
  
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  Ac generator
  
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  Right hand generator rule Lesson
  
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  Electric generator (A.C. & D.C.) Lesson
  
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  Select activity EMF & flux equation (& graph) of AC generator
  
  
  
  EMF & flux equation (& graph) of AC generator Lesson
  
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Select section 7. Alternating Current

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7. Alternating Current
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  Ac voltage applied to a resistor
  
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  AC voltage applied to resistors Lesson
  
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  Select activity What is RMS value? (& why should we care?)
  
  
  
  What is RMS value? (& why should we care?) Lesson
  
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  Sine wave RMS value - derivation (without calculus) Lesson
  
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  Representation of ac current and voltage by rotating vectors — phasors
  
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  Phasor diagram (& its applications) Lesson
  
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  Example: Relating Phasor diagrams with equations Lesson
  
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  Ac voltage applied to an inductor
  
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  AC voltage across pure inductor (derivation) Lesson
  
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  Select activity Why current lags voltage in inductors (logic)
  
  
  
  Why current lags voltage in inductors (logic) Lesson
  
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  Select activity Reactance, resistance, & impedance (what's the difference?)
  
  
  
  Reactance, resistance, & impedance (what's the difference?) Lesson
  
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  Ac voltage applied to a capacitor
  
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  AC voltage across a capacitor (derivation) Lesson
  
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  Select activity Why current leads voltage in a capacitor (logic)
  
  Why current leads voltage in a capacitor (logic) Lesson
  
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  Ac voltage applied to a series lcr circuit
  
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  LCR resonance & resonant frequency Lesson
  
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  Select activity LCR frequency response & quality
  
  
  
  LCR frequency response & quality Lesson
  
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  Worked example: Voltage in a series LCR Circuit Lesson
  
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  Select activity Worked example: Phase difference between voltage and current in AC
  
  
  
  Worked example: Phase difference between voltage and current in AC Lesson
  
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  Worked example: Impedance in series LCR circuit Lesson
  
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  Worked examples: Phase angle in a series LCR Circuit Lesson
  
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  Worked examples: Resonance frequency in LCR circuits Lesson
  
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  Power in ac circuit: the power factor
  
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  What is power factor? (Power in AC circuits) Lesson
  
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  Transformers
  
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  Transformers - working & applications (step up and step down) Lesson
  
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  Select activity Transformer currents & energy losses (intuition)
  
  Transformer currents & energy losses (intuition) Lesson
  
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Select section 8. Electromagnetic Waves

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8. Electromagnetic Waves
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  Displacement current
  
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  Displacement current & Ampere Maxwell's law Lesson
  
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  Calculating displacement & conduction current Lesson
  
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  Electromagnetic waves
  
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  Electromagnetic waves Lesson
  
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  Select activity EM Waves: Production and Propagationmy
  
  
  
  EM Waves: Production and Propagationmy Lesson
  
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  Energy Densitymy Lesson
  
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  Momentum of EM wavesmy Lesson
  
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  Worked example: Propagation of EM waves Lesson
  
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  Select activity Deriving speed of light using Maxwell's equationsmy
  
  
  
  Deriving speed of light using Maxwell's equationsmy Lesson
  
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  Electromagnetic spectrum
  
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  Electromagnetic waves and the electromagnetic spectrum Lesson
  
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Select section 9. Ray Optics and Optical Instruments

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9. Ray Optics and Optical Instruments
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  Reflection of light by spherical mirrors
  
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  Why do we use sign convention twice? Lesson
  
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  Select activity Cartesian sign conventions mirrors
  
  
  
  Cartesian sign conventions mirrors Lesson
  
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  Select activity Concave mirrors
  
  
  
  Concave mirrors Lesson
  
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  Select activity Convex mirror & applications
  
  
  
  Convex mirror & applications Lesson
  
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  Select activity Spherical & parabolic mirrors
  
  
  
  Spherical & parabolic mirrors Lesson
  
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  Select activity Spherical mirrors, radius of curvature & focal length
  
  
  
  Spherical mirrors, radius of curvature & focal length Lesson
  
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  Select activity Convex & concave mirror ray diagrams
  
  
  
  Convex & concave mirror ray diagrams Lesson
  
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  Select activity Mirror formula derivation
  
  
  
  Mirror formula derivation Lesson
  
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  Select activity Solved example: Mirror formula
  
  
  
  Solved example: Mirror formula Lesson
  
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  Worked example: Magnification in mirrors Lesson
  
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  Refraction
  
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  Refraction and Snell's law Lesson
  
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  Snell's law example 1 Lesson
  
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  Snell's law example 2 Lesson
  
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  Select activity Refraction in water
  
  
  
  Refraction in water Lesson
  
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  Select activity Refraction through glass slab
  
  
  
  Refraction through glass slab Lesson
  
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  Select activity Advanced sunrise & delayed sunset
  
  
  
  Advanced sunrise & delayed sunset Lesson
  
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  Total internal reflection
  
  Select activity Total internal reflection
  
  
  
  Total internal reflection Lesson
  
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  Select activity Absolute & Relative refractive index
  
  
  
  Absolute & Relative refractive index Lesson
  
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  Select activity Relative & absolute R.I. connection
  
  
  
  Relative & absolute R.I. connection Lesson
  
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  Select activity Applications of Total Internal Reflection
  
  
  
  Applications of Total Internal Reflection Lesson
  
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  Select activity Worked example: Total internal reflection
  
  
  
  Worked example: Total internal reflection Lesson
  
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  Refraction at spherical surface and by lenses
  
  Select activity Convex lenses
  
  
  
  Convex lenses Lesson
  
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  Select activity Convex lens examples
  
  
  
  Convex lens examples Lesson
  
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  Select activity Concave lenses
  
  
  
  Concave lenses Lesson
  
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  Select activity Virtual Object
  
  
  
  Virtual Object Lesson
  
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  Select activity Power of lens
  
  
  
  Power of lens Lesson
  
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  Select activity Thin lenses in contact
  
  
  
  Thin lenses in contact Lesson
  
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  Select activity Thin lens formula derivation
  
  
  
  Thin lens formula derivation Lesson
  
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  Select activity Lens maker formula (short derivation)
  
  
  
  Lens maker formula (short derivation) Lesson
  
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  Select activity Solved example on lens formula
  
  
  
  Solved example on lens formula Lesson
  
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  Select activity Worked example: Image formed by multiple lenses
  
  
  
  Worked example: Image formed by multiple lenses Lesson
  
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  Select activity Curved surface refraction formula
  
  
  
  Curved surface refraction formula Lesson
  
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  Solved example: Curved surface refraction Lesson
  
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  Select activity Solved example: Lens makers formula
  
  
  
  Solved example: Lens makers formula Lesson
  
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  Refraction through a prism
  
  Select activity Minimum deviation in prism
  
  Minimum deviation in prism Lesson
  
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  Select activity Deriving prism formula
  
  Deriving prism formula Lesson
  
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  Optical instruments
  
  Select activity Concave mirror applications
  
  
  
  Concave mirror applications Lesson
  
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  Select activity Simple microscope
  
  
  
  Simple microscope Lesson
  
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  Select activity Simple microscope - max & min power
  
  
  
  Simple microscope - max & min power Lesson
  
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  Select activity Compound microscope
  
  
  
  Compound microscope Lesson
  
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  Select activity Compound microscope Numerical
  
  
  
  Compound microscope Numerical Lesson
  
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  Select activity How telescopes work
  
  
  
  How telescopes work Lesson
  
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  Select activity Magnifying power of telescope
  
  
  
  Magnifying power of telescope Lesson
  
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  Select activity Telescope numerical
  
  
  
  Telescope numerical Lesson
  
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Select section 10. Wave Optics

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10. Wave Optics
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  Huygen's Principle
  
  Select activity Huygen's theory of light & wavefronts
  
  
  
  Huygen's theory of light & wavefronts Lesson
  
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  Select activity Huygen's principle of secondary waves
  
  
  
  Huygen's principle of secondary waves Lesson
  
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  Select activity Angle between wavefront & rays of light
  
  
  
  Angle between wavefront & rays of light Lesson
  
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  Refraction and reflection of plane waves using Huygen's principle
  
  Select activity Reflection laws proof using Huygen's principle
  
  Reflection laws proof using Huygen's principle Lesson
  
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  Select activity Snell's laws proof using Huygen's principle
  
  Snell's laws proof using Huygen's principle Lesson
  
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  Coherent and incoherent addition of waves
  
  Select activity Constructive and Destructive interference
  
  
  
  Constructive and Destructive interference Lesson
  
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  Select activity Worked examples: Overlapping fringes (two wavelengths)
  
  
  
  Worked examples: Overlapping fringes (two wavelengths) Lesson
  
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  Select activity Worked examples: Coherence and Interference
  
  
  
  Worked examples: Coherence and Interference Lesson
  
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  Interference of light waves and Young’s experiment
  
  Select activity Intensity in YDSE (Visual method-phasors) I =4Io cos^2(phi/2)
  
  
  
  Intensity in YDSE (Visual method-phasors) I =4Io cos^2(phi/2) Lesson
  
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  Select activity Fringe width in Young's double slit experiment
  
  
  
  Fringe width in Young's double slit experiment Lesson
  
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  Worked examples: Fringe width in double slit interference Lesson
  
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  Select activity Worked examples: Intensity variation in double-slit
  
  
  
  Worked examples: Intensity variation in double-slit Lesson
  
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  Diffraction
  
  Select activity Single slit interference
  
  
  
  Single slit interference Lesson
  
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  Select activity More on single slit interference
  
  
  
  More on single slit interference Lesson
  
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  Select activity Maxima in Single slit diffraction
  
  
  
  Maxima in Single slit diffraction Lesson
  
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  Select activity How do telescopes see many stars where our eyes see only one?
  
  
  
  How do telescopes see many stars where our eyes see only one? Lesson
  
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  Select activity Why do soap bubbles appear colourful?
  
  
  
  Why do soap bubbles appear colourful? Lesson
  
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  Select activity Worked example: Size and Intensity of central maximum
  
  
  
  Worked example: Size and Intensity of central maximum Lesson
  
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  Select activity Example: Diffraction slit width
  
  
  
  Example: Diffraction slit width Lesson
  
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  Polarisation
  
  Select activity Polarization of light, linear and circular
  
  Polarization of light, linear and circular Lesson
  
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Select section 11: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter

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11: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
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  Photoelectric effect and wave theory of light
  
  Select activity Photo electric effect & failure of wave theory
  
  Photo electric effect & failure of wave theory Lesson
  
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  Experimental study of photoelectric effect
  
  Select activity Experimental setup & saturation current: photoelectric effect
  
  
  
  Experimental setup & saturation current: photoelectric effect Lesson
  
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  Select activity Stopping potential & maximum kinetic energy
  
  
  
  Stopping potential & maximum kinetic energy Lesson
  
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  Select activity All photoelectric effect graphs: Effect of intensity/frequency
  
  
  
  All photoelectric effect graphs: Effect of intensity/frequency Lesson
  
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  Select activity Stopping potential vs frequency graph
  
  
  
  Stopping potential vs frequency graph Lesson
  
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  Select activity Comparing stopping potential, and max. speed: Solved example
  
  
  
  Comparing stopping potential, and max. speed: Solved example Lesson
  
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  Einstein’s photoelectric equation: energy quantum of radiation
  
  Select activity Einsteins photoelectric equation & work function
  
  
  
  Einsteins photoelectric equation & work function Lesson
  
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  Select activity Which metals will show photoelectric emission
  
  
  
  Which metals will show photoelectric emission Lesson
  
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  Select activity Calculate threshold frequency
  
  
  
  Calculate threshold frequency Lesson
  
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  Particle nature of light: the photon
  
  Select activity Photon Energy
  
  
  
  Photon Energy Lesson
  
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  Select activity Photoelectric effect explanation using quantum theory
  
  
  
  Photoelectric effect explanation using quantum theory Lesson
  
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  Select activity Calculate the no. of photons per second
  
  
  
  Calculate the no. of photons per second Lesson
  
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  Select activity Particle Nature of Light: The Photon
  
  
  
  Particle Nature of Light: The Photon Lesson
  
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  Wave nature of matter
  
  Select activity De Broglie wavelength
  
  De Broglie wavelength Lesson
  
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  Select activity Comparing de Broglie wavelengths: Solved example
  
  Comparing de Broglie wavelengths: Solved example Lesson
  
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Select section 12. Atoms

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12. Atoms
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  Alpha-particle scattering and Rutherford’s nuclear model of atom
  
  Select activity RutherfordÂ s gold foil experiment
  
  RutherfordÂ s gold foil experiment Lesson
  
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  Select activity Worked example: Distance of closest approach
  
  Worked example: Distance of closest approach Lesson
  
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  Atomic spectra
  
  Select activity Atomic spectra
  
  Atomic spectra Lesson
  
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  Bohr model of the hydrogen atom
  
  Select activity Bohr model energy levels
  
  Bohr model energy levels Lesson
  
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  Select activity Absorption and emission
  
  Absorption and emission Lesson
  
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  The line spectra of the hydrogen atom
  
  Select activity Emission spectrum of hydrogen
  
  Emission spectrum of hydrogen Lesson
  
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Select section 13. Nuclei

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13. Nuclei
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  Mass-energy and nuclear binding energy
  
  Select activity Mass defect and binding energy
  
  Mass defect and binding energy Lesson
  
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  Select activity Binding energy graph
  
  Binding energy graph Lesson
  
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  Radioactivity
  
  Select activity Types of decay
  
  
  
  Types of decay Lesson
  
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  Select activity When does each type of decay occur?
  
  
  
  When does each type of decay occur? Lesson
  
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  Select activity Worked example: Half-life
  
  
  
  Worked example: Half-life Lesson
  
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  Select activity Worked example: Fraction of undecayed nuclei
  
  
  
  Worked example: Fraction of undecayed nuclei Lesson
  
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  Nuclear energy
  
  Select activity Nuclear fission
  
  Nuclear fission Lesson
  
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  Select activity Nuclear fusion
  
  Nuclear fusion Lesson
  
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Select section 14. Semiconductors Electronics : Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits

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14. Semiconductors Electronics : Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits
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  Introduction
  
  Select activity Intro to semiconductors
  
  Intro to semiconductors Lesson
  
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  Classification of metals, conductors and semiconductors
  
  Select activity Conductors, insulators, and semiconductors
  
  Conductors, insulators, and semiconductors Lesson
  
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  Intrinsic semiconductor
  
  Select activity Intrinsic semiconductors
  
  Intrinsic semiconductors Lesson
  
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  Extrinsic semiconductor
  
  Select activity Generation and recombination in semiconductors
  
  
  
  Generation and recombination in semiconductors Lesson
  
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  Select activity Extrinsic semiconductors N-type
  
  
  
  Extrinsic semiconductors N-type Lesson
  
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  Select activity Extrinsic semiconductors P-type
  
  
  
  Extrinsic semiconductors P-type Lesson
  
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  Select activity Minority charge carriers in extrinsic semiconductors
  
  
  
  Minority charge carriers in extrinsic semiconductors Lesson
  
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  p-n Junction
  
  Select activity The PN junction
  
  The PN junction Lesson
  
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  Select activity Diffusion, drift & barrier voltage
  
  Diffusion, drift & barrier voltage Lesson
  
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  Semiconductor diode
  
  Select activity Forward biasing a PN junction
  
  
  
  Forward biasing a PN junction Lesson
  
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  Select activity Reverse biasing a PN junction
  
  
  
  Reverse biasing a PN junction Lesson
  
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  Select activity Forward and reverse current mechanism
  
  
  
  Forward and reverse current mechanism Lesson
  
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  Select activity PN diode characteristics
  
  
  
  PN diode characteristics Lesson
  
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  Select activity PN breakdown and avalanche
  
  
  
  PN breakdown and avalanche Lesson
  
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  Application of junction diode as a rectifier
  
  Select activity Half wave rectifiers
  
  Half wave rectifiers Lesson
  
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  Select activity Full wave rectifiers
  
  Full wave rectifiers Lesson
  
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